Shaped over six centuries since its Castilian occupation, the town of Hermigua began to make history with the establishment of the Las Casas (Ingenio Viejo) and El Tabaibal sugar mills. Although Hermigua has always been a region renowned for its rich forests, abundant water, and fertile fields, it is with the establishment of these mills that we can say its development and evolution began to be closely linked to the development of its agriculture.

The introduction of sugar cane determined the establishment of populations and their corresponding articulation, setting the guidelines for the territorial organization of each of the islands and the communication nodes. The acceptance, dissemination and generalization of the use of sugar involved Hermigua in the circuits of international trade, which translated into the arrival of first-rate capital and techniques. Sugar was a motive of attraction, it served to market other products and for knowledge and contact with the Atlantic European markets.

In 1680, Hermigua had 930 inhabitants and 188 houses. Due to the wine crisis in the 18th century, the economy was seriously affected, leading to increased emigration and, consequently, a decline in the population. In 1812, it was established as a municipality, marking the end of the feudal system. At the beginning of the 20th century, a series of works were carried out in the valley to bring water to all the crops, primarily bananas. The municipality reached 5,824 inhabitants in 1940, but the population declined from that year onward due to emigration.